KETOCONAZOLE TOPICAL SKIN

Development of resistance by these microorganisms to ketoconazole has not been reported. tropicalis, Pityrosporum ovale (Malassezia ovale) and Pityrosporum orbiculare (M. gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum yeasts: Candida albicans, C. Microbiology: Ketoconazole is a broad spectrum synthetic antifungal agent which inhibits the growth of the following common dermatophytes and yeasts by altering the permeability of the cell membrane: dermatophytes: Trichophyton rubrum, T. While the differences in the rates of successful response between either of the two active treatments and placebo were statistically significant, the difference between the two active regimens was not. Mycological clearing rates were 84% and 78%, respectively, for the three-day and one-day regimens of the 2% shampoo and 11% in the placebo regimen. There had been mycological confirmation of fungal disease in all cases at baseline. Successful response rates in the primary efficacy population for each of both three-day and single-day regimens of ketoconazole shampoo, 2%, were statistically significantly greater (73% and 69%, respectively) than a placebo regimen (5%). Support for the therapeutic effect in tinea versicolor comes from a three-arm, parallel, double-blind, placebo controlled study in patients who had moderately severe tinea (pityriasis) versicolor. It is postulated, but not proven, that the therapeutic effect of ketoconazole in tinea (pityriasis) versicolor is due to the reduction of Pityrosporum orbiculare (Malassezia furfur) and that the therapeutic effect in dandruff is due to the reduction of Pityrosporum ovale. Mode of Action: Interpretations of in vivo studies suggest that ketoconazole impairs the synthesis of ergosterol, which is a vital component of fungal cell membranes.

KETOCONAZOLE TOPICAL SKIN

Ketoconazole was not detected in plasma in 39 patients who shampooed 4-10 times per week for 6 months, or in 33 patients who shampooed 2-3 times per week for 3-26 months (mean: 16 months).Īn exaggerated use washing test on the sensitive antecubital skin of 10 subjects twice daily for five consecutive days showed that the irritancy potential of ketoconazole shampoo, 2%, was significantly less than that of 2.5% selenium sulfide shampoo.Ī human sensitization test, a phototoxicity study, and a photoallergy study conducted in 38 male and 22 female volunteers showed no contact sensitization of the delayed hypersensitivity type, no phototoxicity and no photoallergenic potential due to ketoconazole shampoo, 2%. The rate of recurrence of infection is variable. Normalization of pigment following successful therapy is variable and may take months, depending on individual skin type and incidental skin exposure. Treatment of the infection may not immediately result in restoration of pigment to the affected sites. In susceptible individuals the condition is often recurrent and may give rise to hyperpigmented or hypopigmented patches on the trunk which may extend to the neck, arms and upper thighs.

This commensal organism is part of the normal skin flora. Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor is a non-contagious infection of the skin caused by Pityrosporum orbiculare (Malassezia furfur). Ketoconazole Shampoo - Clinical Pharmacology

Ketoconazole topical